The Great Depression: A Curriculum for High School Students

The curriculum begins with a message from Former Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke and an introductory essay, The Great Depression: An Overview, written by David C. Wheelock, a research economist at the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis and an expert on the Great Depression. The essay is incorporated into many of the lessons, as students are asked to read and refer to various sections of the essay.

Lesson Format

Each lesson includes:

• a list of economic concepts taught in the lesson,
• the economics and history content standards and the social studies strands addressed in each lesson,
• learner objectives,
• estimated time required,
• a list of materials required,
• a detailed set of procedures,
• an assessment,
• blackline masters for visuals,
• handouts for the teacher to copy and distribute, and
• an interactive whiteboard application.

Lesson Content

Full Curriculum

Lesson 1 Measuring the Great Depression

This lesson introduces toolssuch as Gross Domestic Product (GDP), the unemployment rate and the Consumer Price Index (CPI)that are used to measure the economys health, through an analysis of simple bar charts and graphs. Developing an understanding of these concepts is critical to understanding the magnitude of the economic problems that took place during the Great Depression.

Lesson 2 What Do People Say Caused the Great Depression?

There are many suggested causes for the Great Depression. It is important for students to understand that occurrences such as the stock market crashand other events that affected particular sectors of the economywere important, but not significant enough to cause the Great Depression. By reading fictitious letters that reflect actual problems and peoples concerns during the Great Depression, students begin to identify with the people of that era and to uncover the problems that people experienced during the Great Depression.

Lesson 3 What Really Caused the Great Depression?

Through participation in two simulations, students determine that bank panics and a shrinking money supply were the primary causes of the Great Depression. Through an additional activity, they see how the many other factors they have discussed, such as problems in the agricultural sector and the stock market crash, exacerbated the situation.

Lesson 4 Dealing with the Great Depression

Students learn about programs initiated through the New Deal. By comparing and categorizing New Deal programs, they recognize that the value of most of these programs was their effects on the confidence that U.S. citizens had in the economy. Students also identify the impact that these programs had on the role of the U.S. government in the economy.

Lesson 5 Turn Your Radio On

Students use excerpts from Franklin Delano Roosevelts fireside chats to identify his plans for restoring the economy. They determine that using available technology to communicate was important to FDRs effort to restore consumer confidence.

Lesson 6 Could It Happen Again?

Students learn about the roles and functions of the Federal Reserve System. Through a simulation, they learn how the Fed manages the money supply through open market operations. They identify what central bankers have learned about implementing monetary policy as a result of the Great Depression. Furthermore, they recognize the steps the central bank has taken to respond effectively to financial crises since that time.

Glossary of Terms

The glossary of terms includes an alphabetical list of economic terms used in the lessons, a definition of each term and a reference to the lesson(s) in which the term is used.