A bond with a par value of less than $1000.

In the context of general equities, to withdraw from a previously declared interest, indication, or transaction; broker -dealer’s failure, as a market maker in a given security. to make good on a bid /offer for the minimum quantity.

Brokerage house clerical operations that support, but do not include, the trading of stocks and other securities. All written confirmation and settlement of trades. record keeping, and regulatory compliance happen in the back office.

Due taxes that have not been paid on time.

(1) When bond yields rise and prices fall, the market is said to backup. (2) An investor who swaps out of one security into another of shorter current maturity is said to back up.

In the context of general equities, Prepare for a very large buyer.

In the context of mutual funds. a feature allowing fundholders to use an earlier date on a letter of intent to invest in a mutual fund in exchange for a reduced sales charge, e.g. Giving retroactive value to purchases from the earlier date.

In the context of general equities, to describe result of unanticipated events that allow for a purchase at a discount or a sale at a premium .

A mutual fund that charges investors a fee to sell (redeem) shares. often ranging from 4% to 6%. Some back-end load funds impose a full commission if the shares are redeemed within a designated length of time, such as one year. The commission decreases, the longer the investor holds the shares. The formal name for the back-end load is the contingent deferred sales charge, or CDSC

Creating a hypothetical portfolio performance history by applying current asset selection criteria to prior time periods.

An intercompany loan channeled through a bank.

A loan in which two companies in separate countries borrow each other’s currency for a specific time period and repay the other’s currency at an agreed-upon maturity .

A commercial paper issuer’s bank line of credit covering maturing notes if, for some reason, selling new notes to cover the maturing notes is not possible.

A bank assurance of funds obtained by an issuer of commercial paper to protect the CP investor from default. The issuer pays a commitment fee to the bank.

A market condition in which futures prices are lower in the distant delivery months than in the nearest delivery month. This may occur when the costs of storing the product until eventual delivery are effectively subtracted from the price today. The opposite of contango .

A debt that is written off and deemed uncollectible.

Title to property that does not distinctly confer ownership, usually in the context of real estate.

Two-sided market picture. in Japanese terminology applies mainly to international equities.

In the context of securities. refers to selling a security or commodity quickly, regardless of the price. May occur when an investor no longer wants to sustain further losses on a stock.

Also refers to relieving an individual, corporation, or government entity in financial trouble.

A plan by former U.S. Treasury Secretary James Baker under which 15 principal middle-income debtor countries (the Baker 15) would undertake growth-oriented structural reforms, to be supported by increased financing from the World Bank and continued lending from commercial banks.

A statistical compilation formulated by a sovereign nation of all economic transactions between residents of that nation and residents of all other nations during a stipulated period of time, usually a calendar year.

Net flow of goods (exports minus imports) between two countries.

Netting of transaction balances, including the net amount of payments of interest and dividends to foreign investors and investments. as well as receipts and payments resulting from international tourism.

Also called the statement of financial condition, it is a summary of a company’s assets. liabilities. and owners’ equity .