Posted By: Jim Wyckoff

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By Jim Wyckoff

I have received several email messages from my readers asking about how to best determine entry and exit strategies when trading markets. Here are just a few of their quotes:

• Though my success rate has been high, I am only breaking even financially, due to getting out too early in profit and letting my losses run too far.
• Many articles are written showing when and where to enter trades but how many articles are written about running positions? Where to exit surely has to be the biggest key to trading success!
• I would appreciate some advice or tips on how to and when to enter a market and when to exit.

Of course, if a trader knew exactly when to get into a market and when to get out, wouldnt trading be easy! But even the most successful traders in the world cant do that. The best they can strive for is to catch a bigger part of any move (trend) in the market, and then get out with a good profit before the market turns against them.

Ive written past articles on trading with the trend and not against it, on the perils of trying to pick tops and bottoms, on support and resistance, and on letting profits run and cutting losses short, as well as trading the breakouts. I wont repeat all those trading tenets here, but if youve missed some of my articles, drop me an email and I can attach some of them in an email to you.

In this article, Ill get more specific on entries and exits, and what to do if you are in a trade and are accumulating profits or absorbing losses.

First of all, if you are in a trade, you should already have a general plan of action in place, including potential entry and exit points, before you entered the trade. Certainly, you can alter your plan of action in the heat of battle, but you should not enter any trade without having a well-thought-out trading plan. Also in your trading plan you can have a few scenarios that could occur and what you would do if they did occur.

Entry and exits points in trades most times should be based on some type of support or resistance levels in a market. For example, in the grain markets at present, many traders think prices are close to a bottom. But I wont go long in a grain contract just because I think its close to a bottom. I need to see some strength in the market. I will wait for the contract to push up through a resistance level and begin a fledgling uptrend. Then, if I do go long, Ill set my sell stop just below a support level thats not too far below the market. And if the trend does not develop and the market turns back south, Im stopped out for a loss thats not too painful.

Another way to enter a market that is trending (preferably just beginning to trend) is to wait for a minor pullback in an uptrend or an upside correction in a downtrend. Markets dont go straight up or straight down, and there are minor corrections in a trend that offer good entry points. The key is to try to determine if it is indeed just a correction and not the end of the trend. In an earlier Trading Tip article I mentioned using Fibonacci numbers to identify potential retracement levels.

On when to get out of a market when youre losing money, I have a simple, yet very effective answer: Upon entering the trade, if you place a sell stop below the market if youre long (buy stop if youre short), you know right away how much money you will lose in any given trade. You should never trade without employing stops. Thus, you should never be in a trade and have a losing position and not know where your exit point is going to be. I prefer setting tighter stops because Im not rich and want to survive financially to trade another day. Yes, Ill get stopped out sometimes and then right away the market will turn in the direction I had planned. However, by setting tighter stops, I will not be in a position whereby I lose substantial money because Im fighting the market, hoping it will soon turn in my favor.

What about when youve got a winner going and good profits already in place? This is the time to employ trailing stops. For example, if youre long a market and it reaches your initial upside objective, but now you really think there may be more upside and you dont want to exit your trade. You put in a sell stop at a certain level below the market that allows you to stay in the winning trade. But if the market turns south you are stopped out and still have a decent profit.

I cant tell traders exactly at what percentage below the market (above the market if they are short) they should set stops or trailing stops, because all markets are different at different times, and traders have different views on how much money they can stand to lose. However, a general rule of thumb is to place stops and trailing stops just below a support level thats not too far below the market. (If youre short, place the buy stops not too far above the market.)

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